Introduction
It is the widely held belief that protection of industrial, art and natural heritage forms one of the foremost objuectives for world economy and for our country at this time.

The prevention, using all possible means, of events that could compromise the echological balance of vast areas of a country and even the social and political balance, has assumed such importance in recent years as to require a "technical culture" for the design of reliable testing and inservice monitoring methods.  Nondestructive testing is the essential tool that the "safeyt specialist" must be familiar with in order to preventively diagnose the causes of faults, malfunctions and deterioration in components, installations, structure, vehicles and in practice anything that forms part of our surroundings.

The same applies to Quality Managers, who work on the basis of quality system of a company to include nondestructive tests in the product manufacturing cycle and the final quality control stages.

In the last ten years there has been a considerable development in nondestructive testing techniques.  This is partly due to the need of satisfying the particularly severe requirements of safety and reliability demanded in the nuclear and aerospace engineering, as well as in newly developing sectors like the civil engineering, the protection of art heritage and the environment.  The extraordinary capabilitiesa made available by today electronics and informatic advances are also important factors for NDT technique developments.

Automation has led to the development of comprehensive and reliable equipments for on-line production testing.   The sensor evolution has favoured the set-up of particular defect sizing measurement techniques using nondestructive methods suitable to be permanently active in the pland under observation; that being possible both in service or during maintenance.

Acoustic Emission Testing

Eddy Current Testing

Infrared Thermographic Testing

Leak Testing

Magnetic Particle Testing

Penetrant Testing

Radiographic Testing

Strain Testing

Ultrasonic Testing

Visual Testing